Nokia 2014 Annual Report Download - page 212

210 NOKIA IN 2014
Global Delivery Center: A remote service delivery center with a pool
of services experts, automated tools and standardized processes to
ensure that services across the entire network life cycle are delivered
to operators globally.
Global Services: A segment within Nokia Networks. Global Services
provides mobile operators with a broad range of services, including
professional services, network implementation and customer
care services.
GPS (Global Positioning System): Satellite-based positioning system
that is used for reading geographical position and as a source of the
accurate coordinated universal time.
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications): A digital system for
mobile communications that is based on a widely-accepted standard
and typically operates in the 900 MHz, 1800 MHz and 1900 MHz
frequency bands.
HERE: A Nokia company focused on location intelligence.
HSPA (High-Speed Packet Access): A wideband code division multiple
access (WCDMA or 3G) feature that refers to both 3GPP high-speed
downlink packet access and high-speed uplink packet access.
Internet of Things: All things such as cars, the clothes we wear,
household appliances and machines in factories connected to the
Internet and able to automatically learn and organize themselves.
ICT: Information and communications technology.
Industrial design: Design process applied for products that will be
manufactured at mass scale.
IP (Intellectual Property): Intellectual property results from original
creative thought, covering items such as patents, copyright material,
trademarks, as well as business models and plans.
IP Multimedia Subsystem: Architectural framework designed to
deliver IP-based multimedia services on telco networks; standardized
by 3GPP.
IPR (Intellectual Property Right): Legal right protecting the economic
exploitation of intellectual property, a generic term used to describe
products of human intellect, for example patents, that have an
economic value.
IPR licensing: Generally refers to an agreement or an arrangement
where a company allows another company to use its intellectual
property (such as patents, trademarks or copyrights) under
certain terms.
LTE (Long-Term Evolution): 3GPP radio technology evolution
architecture and a standard for wireless communication of high-speed
data. Also referred to as 4G.
LTE-A (LTE Advanced ): The evolution of LTE that allows operators
to use more than one spectrum band in parallel and denes a set
of techniques focused on enhancing the mobile broadband user
experience, as well as reducing the cost per bit.
Microcell: A cell in a mobile phone network served by a low power
cellular base station covering a limited area, typically up to two
kilometers wide.
Mobile broadband: Refers to high-speed wireless internet connections
and services designed to be used from arbitrary locations.
Mobile Broadband: A segment within Nokia Networks. Mobile
Broadband provides mobile operators with radio and core network
software together with the hardware needed to deliver mobile voice
and data services.
Multiradio: Able to support several dierent radio access technologies.
NFC (Near Field Communication): A short-range wireless technology
that enables people to connect one NFC-enabled device with another,
or to read an NFC tag. By bringing one NFC-enabled mobile device
close to another NFC device, or to an NFC tag, people can easily share
content, access information and services, or pay for goods.
NFV (Network Functions Virtualization): Principle of separating
network functions from the hardware they run on by using virtual
hardware abstraction.
Nokia Networks: A Nokia business focused on mobile network
infrastructure software, hardware and services.
Nokia Technologies: A Nokia business focused on advanced
technology development and licensing.
NSN: Short for Nokia Solutions and Networks, the former name of
our Nokia Networks business. From 2007, NSN was known as Nokia
Siemens Networks until Nokia acquired Siemens’ 50% stake in the joint
venture in 2013.
OS (Operating system): Software that controls the basic operation of
a computer or a mobile device, such as managing the processor and
memory. The term is also often used to refer more generally to the
software within a device, including, for instance, the user interface.
Glossary of terms continued