Nokia 2011 Annual Report Download - page 207

GLOSSARY OF TERMS
2G (second generation mobile communications): A digital cellular system such as GSM 900, 1800
and 1900.
3G (third generation mobile communications): A digital system for mobile communications that
provides increased bandwidth and lets a mobile device user access a wide variety of services, such as
multimedia.
3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) and 3GPP2 (Third Generation Partnership
Project 2): Projects in which standards organizations and other related bodies have agreed to
cooperate on the production of globally applicable technical specifications for a third generation mobile
system.
Access network: A telecommunications network between a local exchange and the subscriber
station.
ADSL (asymmetric digital subscriber line): A technology that enables high-speed data
communication over existing twisted pair telephone lines and supports a downstream data rate of
1.5—8 Mbps and an upstream data rate of 16 kbps—1 Mbps.
ASP (average selling price): Mobile device ASP represents total Devices & Services net sales (Smart
Devices net sales, Mobile Phones net sales, and Devices & Services Other net sales) divided by total
Devices & Services volumes. Smart Devices ASP represents Smart Devices net sales divided by
Smart Devices volumes. Mobile Phones ASP represents Mobile Phones net sales divided by Mobile
Phones volumes.
Bandwidth: The width of a communication channel, which affects transmission speeds over that
channel.
Base station: A network element in a mobile network responsible for radio transmission and reception
to or from the mobile station.
Base station controller: A network element in a mobile network for controlling one or more base
transceiver stations in the call set-up functions, in signaling, in the use of radio channels, and in various
maintenance tasks.
Broadband: The delivery of higher bandwidth by using transmission channels capable of supporting
data rates greater than the primary rate of 9.6 Kbps.
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access): A technique in which radio transmissions using the same
frequency band are coded in a way that a signal from a certain transmitter can be received only by
certain receivers.
Cellular network: A mobile telephone network consisting of switching centers, radio base stations and
transmission equipment.
Convergence: The coming together of two or more disparate disciplines or technologies.
Convergence types are, for example, IP convergence, fixed-mobile convergence and device
convergence.
Core network: A combination of exchanges and the basic transmission equipment that together form
the basis for network services.
Digital: A signaling technique in which a signal is encoded into digits for transmission.
205