Xcel Energy 2014 Annual Report Download - page 106

88
Income Taxes — Xcel Energy accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of
deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial
statements. Xcel Energy defers income taxes for all temporary differences between pretax financial and taxable income, and between
the book and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Xcel Energy uses the tax rates that are scheduled to be in effect when the temporary
differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in
the period that includes the enactment date.
Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset
will not be realized. In making such a determination, all available evidence is considered, including scheduled reversals of deferred
tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent financial operations.
Due to the effects of past regulatory practices, when deferred taxes were not required to be recorded due to the use of flow through
accounting for ratemaking purposes, the reversal of some temporary differences are accounted for as current income tax expense.
Investment tax credits are deferred and their benefits amortized over the book depreciable lives of the related property. Utility rate
regulation also has resulted in the recognition of certain regulatory assets and liabilities related to income taxes, which are summarized
in Note 15.
Xcel Energy follows the applicable accounting guidance to measure and disclose uncertain tax positions that it has taken or expects to
take in its income tax returns. Xcel Energy recognizes a tax position in its consolidated financial statements when it is more likely
than not that the position will be sustained upon examination based on the technical merits of the position. Recognition of changes in
uncertain tax positions are reflected as a component of income tax.
Xcel Energy reports interest and penalties related to income taxes within the other income and interest charges sections in the
consolidated statements of income.
Xcel Energy Inc. and its subsidiaries file consolidated federal income tax returns as well as combined or separate state income tax
returns. Federal income taxes paid by Xcel Energy Inc. are allocated to Xcel Energy Inc.’s subsidiaries based on separate company
computations of tax. A similar allocation is made for state income taxes paid by Xcel Energy Inc. in connection with combined state
filings. Xcel Energy Inc. also allocates its own income tax benefits to its direct subsidiaries based on the relative positive tax
liabilities of the subsidiaries.
See Note 6 for further discussion of income taxes.
Types of and Accounting for Derivative Instruments — Xcel Energy uses derivative instruments in connection with its interest rate,
utility commodity price, vehicle fuel price, and commodity trading activities, including forward contracts, futures, swaps and options.
All derivative instruments not designated and qualifying for the normal purchases and normal sales exception, as defined by the
accounting guidance for derivatives and hedging, are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value as derivative
instruments. This includes certain instruments used to mitigate market risk for the utility operations including transmission in
organized markets and all instruments related to the commodity trading operations. The classification of changes in fair value for
those derivative instruments is dependent on the designation of a qualifying hedging relationship. Changes in fair value of derivative
instruments not designated in a qualifying hedging relationship are reflected in current earnings or as a regulatory asset or liability.
The classification as a regulatory asset or liability is based on commission approved regulatory recovery mechanisms.
Gains or losses on commodity trading transactions are recorded as a component of electric operating revenues; hedging transactions
for vehicle fuel costs are recorded as a component of capital projects or O&M costs; and interest rate hedging transactions are
recorded as a component of interest expense. Certain utility subsidiaries are allowed to recover in electric or natural gas rates the costs
of certain financial instruments purchased to reduce commodity cost volatility. For further information on derivatives entered to
mitigate commodity price risk on behalf of electric and natural gas customers, see Note 11.
Cash Flow Hedges — Certain qualifying hedging relationships are designated as a hedge of a forecasted transaction, or future cash
flow (cash flow hedge). Changes in the fair value of a derivative designated as a cash flow hedge, to the extent effective, are included
in OCI or deferred as a regulatory asset or liability based on recovery mechanisms until earnings are affected by the hedged
transaction.
Normal Purchases and Normal Sales — Xcel Energy enters into contracts for the purchase and sale of commodities for use in its
business operations. Derivatives and hedging accounting guidance requires a company to evaluate these contracts to determine
whether the contracts are derivatives. Certain contracts that meet the definition of a derivative may be exempted from derivative
accounting if designated as normal purchases or normal sales.