Nokia 2008 Annual Report Download - page 141

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GLOSSARY OF TERMS
2G (second generation mobile communications):
A digital cellular system such as GSM 900, 1800
and 1900.
3G (third generation mobile communications):
A digital system for mobile communications that
provides increased bandwidth and lets a mobile device user access a wide variety of services, such as
multimedia.
3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) and 3GPP2 (Third Generation Partnership Project
2):
Projects in which standards organizations and other related bodies have agreed to cooperate on
the production of globally applicable technical specifications for a third generation mobile system.
Access network:
A telecommunications network between a local exchange and the subscriber
station.
ADSL (asymmetric digital subscriber line):
A technology that enables highspeed data
communication over existing twisted pair telephone lines and supports a downstream data rate of
1.5—8 Mbps and an upstream data rate of 16 kbps—1 Mbps.
Analog:
A signaling technique in which signals are conveyed by continuously varying the frequency,
amplitude or phase of the transmission.
Bandwidth:
The width of a communication channel, which affects transmission speeds over that
channel.
Base station:
A network element in a mobile network responsible for radio transmission and
reception to or from the mobile station.
Base station controller:
A network element in a mobile network for controlling one or more base
transceiver stations in the call setup functions, in signaling, in the use of radio channels, and in
various maintenance tasks.
Bluetooth:
A technology that provides shortrange radio links to allow mobile computers, mobile
phones, digital cameras and other portable devices to communicate with each other without cables.
Broadband:
The delivery of higher bandwidth by using transmission channels capable of supporting
data rates greater than the primary rate of 9.6 Kbps.
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access):
A technique in which radio transmissions using the same
frequency band are coded in a way that a signal from a certain transmitter can be received only by
certain receivers.
CDMA 2000:
A 3G wireless technology that is based on the CDMA platform and has the capability to
provide speeds of up to 144 Kbps.
Cellular network:
A mobile telephone network consisting of switching centers, radio base stations
and transmission equipment.
Converged device:
A generic category of mobile device that can run computerlike applications
such as email, web browsing and enterprise software, and can also have builtin music players, video
recorders, mobile TV and other multimedia features.
Convergence:
The coming together of two or more disparate disciplines or technologies.
Convergence types are, for example, IP convergence, fixedmobile convergence and device
convergence.
Core network:
A combination of exchanges and the basic transmission equipment that together
form the basis for network services.
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