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FINANE AND LIQUIDITY
We concentrate cash n the parent and central fnance companes
for maxmum flexblty These companes provde loans to our
subsdares that are also funded through retaned earnngs and
thrd party borrowngs We mantan access to global debt markets
through an nfrastructure of short and long-term debt
programmes We make use of plan vanlla dervatves, such as
nterest rate swaps and foregn exchange contracts, to help
mtgate rsks More detal s provded on pages 120 to 125 of our
overnance and Fnancal Report
Approxmately 18 bllon (or 79%) of the roup’s cash and cash
equvalents are held n foregn subsdares whch repatrate
dstrbutable reserves on a regular bass For most countres
ths s done through dvdends free of tax In a few countres we
face cross-border foregn exchange controls and/or other legal
restrctons that nhbt our ablty to make these balances
avalable n any means for general use by the wder busness
The amount of cash held n these countres was 284 mllon
(2014 452 mllon, 2013 243 mllon) The cash wll generally
be nvested or held n the relevant country and, gven the other
captal resources avalable to the roup, does not sgnfcantly
affect the ablty of the roup to meet ts cash oblgatons
We closely montor all our exposures and counter-party lmts
Unlever has commtted credt facltes n place for general
corporate purposes The undrawn blateral commtted credt
facltes n place on 31 December 2015 were US$6,550 mllon
ONTRATUAL OBLIATIONS AT 31 DEEMBER 2015
mllon Total
Due
wthn
1 year
Due n
1-3
years
Due n
3-5
years
Due n
over
5 years
Total contractual
oblgatons(a) 21,041 6,037 4,567 3,798 6,639
(a) Included wthn total contractual oblgatons are long-term debt, nterest
on fnancal labltes, operatng lease oblgatons, purchase oblgatons
for raw and packng materals and fnshed goods, fnance leases and other
long-term oblgatons (not ncludng pensons)
Further detals are set out n the overnance and Fnancal Report
n the followng notes to the consoldated fnancal statements
note 10 on pages 111 and 112, note 15 on page 119, and note 20
on pages 130 and 131 Unlever s satsfed that ts fnancng
arrangements are adequate to meet ts workng captal needs for
the foreseeable future In relaton to the facltes avalable to the
roup, borrowng requrements do not fluctuate materally durng
the year and are not seasonal
AUDIT FEES
Included wthn operatng proft s 15 mllon (2014 14 mllon)
pad to the external audtor, of whch 14 mllon (2014 14 mllon)
related to statutory audt servces
NONAAP MEASURES
ertan dscussons and analyses set out n ths Annual Report and
Accounts nclude measures whch are not defned by generally
accepted accountng prncples (AAP) such as IFRS We beleve
ths nformaton, along wth comparable AAP measurements, s
useful to nvestors because t provdes a bass for measurng our
operatng performance, ablty to retre debt and nvest n new
busness opportuntes Our management uses these fnancal
measures, along wth the most drectly comparable AAP
fnancal measures, n evaluatng our operatng performance and
value creaton Non-AAP fnancal measures should not be
consdered n solaton from, or as a substtute for, fnancal
nformaton presented n complance wth AAP Non-AAP
fnancal measures as reported by us may not be comparable
wth smlarly ttled amounts reported by other companes
In the followng sectons we set out our defntons of the followng
non-AAP measures and provde reconclatons to relevant AAP
measures
• underlyng sales growth
• underlyng volume growth
• core operatng proft and core operatng margn
• core earnngs per share (core EPS)
• free cash flow and
• net debt
UNDERLYIN SALES ROWTH (US)
Underlyng sales growth (US) refers to the ncrease n turnover
for the perod, excludng any change n turnover resultng from
acqustons, dsposals and changes n currency The mpact of
acqustons and dsposals s excluded from US for a perod of
12 calendar months from the applcable closng date Turnover
from acqured brands that are launched n countres where they
were not prevously sold s ncluded n US as such turnover s
more attrbutable to our exstng sales and dstrbuton network
than the acquston tself
The reconclaton of US to changes n the AAP measure
turnover s as follows
TOTAL ROUP 2015
vs 2014
2014
vs 2013
Underlyng sales growth (%) 41 29
Effect of acqustons (%) 07 04
Effect of dsposals (%) (08) (13)
Effect of exchange rates (%) 59 (46)
Turnover growth (%)(a) 100 (27)
PERSONAL ARE 2015
vs 2014
2014
vs 2013
Underlyng sales growth (%) 41 35
Effect of acqustons (%) 10 –
Effect of dsposals (%) –(01)
Effect of exchange rates (%) 76 (50)
Turnover growth (%)(a) 132 (18)
FOODS 2015
vs 2014
2014
vs 2013
Underlyng sales growth (%) 15 (06)
Effect of acqustons (%) ––
Effect of dsposals (%) (25) (36)
Effect of exchange rates (%) 56 (39)
Turnover growth (%)(a) 45 (79)
HOME ARE 2015
vs 2014
2014
vs 2013
Underlyng sales growth (%) 59 58
Effect of acqustons (%) 02 18
Effect of dsposals (%) (01) –
Effect of exchange rates (%) 45 (48)
Turnover growth (%)(a) 109 24
38 Unilever Annual Report and Accounts 2015Strategic Report
FINANIAL REVIEW 2015
ONTINUED