Merck 2010 Annual Report Download - page 219

 Highly specialized targeted antibodies synthesized using biotechnological methods. What makes them special
is their ability to activate the body’s natural mechanisms to fight disease. Monoclonal antibodies have mainly
been used for cancer treatment and to suppress adverse immune responses.
 Also known as PEM (polymorphic epithelial mucin), MUC1 is a glycoprotein group mucin embedded in cell
membranes and occurring in all human organs. The MUC1 mucin is an established tumor marker. In oncology,
this tumor marker is the starting point for several new cancer therapies.
 A contract between a company and a bank (or several banks) under which the bank gives the company the
possibility to access a predefined amount of money at certain conditions. Depending on the agreement,
payment can be made in different currencies.
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 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, with headquarters in Paris, is a forum of
34 countries committed to the principles of democracy and market economy.
 Organic light-emitting diodes. New technology for displays and lighting used, for example, in mobile
telephones, MP3 players, and since recently also in televisions and lamps.
 Organic growth is the part of a company’s growth that is not derived from acquisitions or currency effects.
 Over-the-counter drugs is the term used for drugs that are available at stores and pharmacies without a
prescription.
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 A vermifuge used to fight flatworms, tapeworms and distoma including the schistosoma, the pathogen
that causes the tropical disease schistosomiasis.
 In oncology, the amount of time between a patient’s enrollment in a clinical trial and disease progression or
the patient’s death – depending on what occurs first.
 Provisions are set aside for liabilities whose amount or maturity are uncertain.
Reserves, on the other hand, are part of a company’s equity.
 Polymer-stabilized vertical alignment: A polymer layer pre-aligns the molecules inside the display in a certain
direction. In the black state, the liquid crystals are not exactly vertical, but slightly tilted: This allows the liquid
crystals to switch more quickly. The light transmittance is significantly higher, thus reducing the backlighting,
one of the most costly components to produce.
 The purchase price allocation allows a company’s acquisition costs (purchase price) to be assigned to the
tangible and intangible assets and liabilities that were acquired with it.

 In medical research, randomization refers to the random assignment of subjects to treatment groups.
The goal is to prevent the investigator from influencing the trial and to ensure that known and unknown
influencing factors are distributed evenly across all groups.
 Rating is an assessment of a borrower’s ability to pay. Borrowers are classified according to a bank’s own
criteria (internal rating) or the criteria of international rating agencies such as Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s
(external rating).
 REACH stands for the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals. This is an EU
regulation that entered into force in mid-2007.
 Polymerizable liquid crystals that can be used, for example, as material for optical films. They help to enhance
the display image quality.
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