Union Pacific 2011 Annual Report Download - page 81

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17. Commitments and Contingencies
Asserted and Unasserted Claims – Various claims and lawsuits are pending against us and certain of
our subsidiaries. We cannot fully determine the effect of all asserted and unasserted claims on our
consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity; however, to the extent possible, where
asserted and unasserted claims are considered probable and where such claims can be reasonably
estimated, we have recorded a liability. We do not expect that any known lawsuits, claims, environmental
costs, commitments, contingent liabilities, or guarantees will have a material adverse effect on our
consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity after taking into account liabilities and
insurance recoveries previously recorded for these matters.
Personal Injury – The cost of personal injuries to employees and others related to our activities is
charged to expense based on estimates of the ultimate cost and number of incidents each year. We use
an actuarial analysis to measure the expense and liability, including unasserted claims. The Federal
Employers’ Liability Act (FELA) governs compensation for work-related accidents. Under FELA, damages
are assessed based on a finding of fault through litigation or out-of-court settlements. We offer a
comprehensive variety of services and rehabilitation programs for employees who are injured at work.
Our personal injury liability is discounted to present value using applicable U.S. Treasury rates.
Approximately 89% of the recorded liability related to asserted claims, and approximately 11% related to
unasserted claims at December 31, 2011. Because of the uncertainty surrounding the ultimate outcome
of personal injury claims, it is reasonably possible that future costs to settle these claims may range from
approximately $368 million to $404 million. We record an accrual at the low end of the range as no
amount of loss is more probable than any other. Estimates can vary over time due to evolving trends in
litigation.
Our personal injury liability activity was as follows:
Millions 2011 2010 2009
Beginning balance $426 $545 $621
Current year accruals 118 155 174
Changes in estimates for prior years (71) (101) (95)
Payments (105) (173) (155)
Ending balance at December 31 $ 368 $ 426 $ 545
Current portion, ending balance at December 31 $ 103 $ 140 $ 158
Asbestos – We are a defendant in a number of lawsuits in which current and former employees and
other parties allege exposure to asbestos. We assess our potential liability using a statistical analysis of
resolution costs for asbestos-related claims. This liability is updated annually and excludes future
defense and processing costs. The liability for resolving both asserted and unasserted claims was based
on the following assumptions:
 The ratio of future claims by alleged disease would be consistent with historical averages
adjusted for inflation.
 The number of claims filed against us will decline each year.
 The average settlement values for asserted and unasserted claims will be equivalent to historical
averages.
 The percentage of claims dismissed in the future will be equivalent to historical averages.
Our liability for asbestos-related claims is not discounted to present value due to the uncertainty
surrounding the timing of future payments. Approximately 21% of the recorded liability related to asserted
claims and approximately 79% related to unasserted claims at December 31, 2011. Because of the
uncertainty surrounding the ultimate outcome of asbestos-related claims, it is reasonably possible that
future costs to settle these claims may range from approximately $147 million to $159 million. We record
an accrual at the low end of the range as no amount of loss is more probable than any other. In
conjunction with the liability update performed in 2010, we also reassessed estimated insurance
recoveries. We have recognized an asset for estimated insurance recoveries at December 31, 2011 and
2010.