XO Communications 2010 Annual Report Download - page 21

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Time Division Multiplexing, or TDM. A technique used to combine multiple signals into one single
high-speed transmission path. TDM assigns each signal (voice, data or video) a time slot within a set that
enables multiple lower-speed signals to be transmitted simultaneously over one high-speed transmission.
Unbundled Network Elements, or UNE. The telecommunications network that the ILECs are
required to make available to CLECs. Together, these parts make up a local loop that connects to a
digital subscriber line access multiplexer, a voice switch or both. The loop allows non-facilities-based
telecommunications providers to deliver service without laying network infrastructure, such as copper
wire, optical fiber, and coaxial cable.
Universal Service Fund, or USF. The USF was created by the FCC in 1997 as part of the goals
mandated in the Telecommunications Act of 1996. USF’s creation requires telecommunications service
providers to contribute to support USF’s programs which involve making quality services available at
affordable rates throughout the country and especially targets low-income, rural health care, schools,
libraries and high cost areas.
Voice over Internet Protocol, or VoIP. The technology used to transmit voice conversations over a
data network using the Internet Protocol.
Virtual Private Network, or VPN. A private network that operates securely within a public network
by means of encrypting transmissions.
Wave Division Multiplexing, or WDM. Equipment that effectively multiplies the carrying capacity
of fiber by integrating multiple signals or channels onto a single fiber strand, with each channel
corresponding to a unique wavelength of light, typically in the 1530-1565 nanometer range (infrared).
WDM equipment is classified as Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (‘‘DWDM’’) or Coarse Wave
Division Multiplexing (‘‘CWDM’’), depending on the spacing between wavelengths and hence the
density of wavelengths.
Wave Division Multiplexing Transmission. The conveyance of multiple communications signals
using WDM equipment.
Wavelength. A point-to-point communications channel provisioned on a fiber optic network built
using WDM equipment.
Wireless Backhaul. Movement of telecommunications traffic between cell sites and points of
connection to wired networks.
Employees
As of February 28, 2011, we had 3,654 employees, including 1,682 in Business Services, 347 in Carrier
Services, 50 in Small Business Services, 936 in Network Services, 346 in Information Technology, 142 in
Finance and 151 in Corporate. None of our employees are represented by a labor union and we have
experienced no labor-related work stoppages.
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