Ricoh 2002 Annual Report Download - page 55

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52
Research and development costs
Advertising costs
1 9 . RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES AND ADVERTISING COSTS
The following am ounts were charged to costs and expenses for the years ended March 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002:
Thousands of
U.S. dollarsMillions of yen
$ 6 0 7 ,5 1 1
1 2 6 ,8 2 7
¥ 8 0 ,7 9 9
1 6 ,8 6 8
¥78,239
18,592
2001
¥66,524
16,081
2000
20022002
Corporate assets consist prim arily of cash and cash equivalents and m ar-
ketable securities maintained for general corporate purposes.
Intersegm ent sales between geographic areas are made at cost plus profit.
Operating income by geographic area is sales less expense related to the area’s
operating revenue.
No single custom er accounted for 10% or m ore of the total revenues for the
periods ended March 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002.