Qualcomm 2002 Annual Report Download - page 38

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THIRD GENERATION (3G). A new generation
of wireless systems which provide high-speed
data transmission (144 kbps and higher) and
Internet Protocol (IP) based services in fixed,
portable and mobile environments. In 2000, the
International Telecommunications Union adopted
an industry standard for third-generation systems,
which includes three CDMA operating modes:
CDMA2000, WCDMA and TD-SCDMA. All of
these modes employ essential CDMA technology
from QUALCOMM.
CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS (CDMA).
A digital wireless technology that uses a “spread
spectrum” technique to scatter a radio signal
across a wide range of frequencies. CDMA provides
greater total capacity than other technologies,
along with outstanding voice quality and fewer
dropped calls. CDMA is the technology of choice
for new third-generation systems.
CDMA2000 1X. A 3G technology which provides
voice and data capabilities within a standard 1.25
MHz CDMA channel for outstanding spectral effi-
ciency and flexibility. CDMA2000 builds on earlier
CDMA technology (known as cdmaOne) to provide
a simple evolution to 3G services. It nearly doubles
voice capacity over second-generation CDMA
networks and supports high-speed data services.
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO.
An evolution of CDMA2000, this
“data-optimized” version is also an approved 3G
standard. 1xEV-DO provides peak data rates of up
2.4 Mbps in a standard 1.25 MHz CDMA channel for
fixed, portable and mobile applications.
GSM. (GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE
COMMUNICATIONS). A second-generation digital
wireless technology based on Time Division
Multiple Access (TDMA).
GSM1x. Developed this year by QUALCOMM,
GSM1x has been designed to overlay an existing
GSM network with CDMA2000 radio access to
improve efficiency of existing spectrum (800, 900,
1800 and 1900 MHz). GSM1x will increase an oper-
ator’s voice and data capacity. The harmonization
of two powerful technologies, GSM1x connects the
spectrally efficient and proven CDMA2000 1X radio
access to the GSM core network with no changes
to either, allowing an operator to simultaneously
support both GSM and CDMA2000 users.
gpsOne. QUALCOMM’s gpsOne solution, featuring
SnapTrack technology, offers robust data availability
under the most challenging conditions, whether in
concrete-and-steel high-rises, convention centers,
shopping malls or urban canyons. Using a hybrid
approach that utilizes signals from both the Global
Positioning System (GPS) satellite constellation
and CDMA cell sites, the gpsOne solution
enhances location services availability, expands
terrain coverage, accelerates the location determi-
nation process and provides better accuracy for
callers, whether during emergency situations or
while using GPS-enabled commercial applications.
radioOne. A technology based on an architecture
called direct conversion or Zero IF (ZIF). Direct
conversion technology eliminates intermediate
frequencies, thereby reducing phone cost and size.
TDMA. (TIME DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS). A 2G
digital wireless technology that divides a narrow
radio channel into framed time slots (typically three
or eight) and allocates a slot to each user.
TD-SCDMA. A 3G CDMA technology based on Time
Division Duplexing and the synchronization of
mobile devices to reduce interference.
WCDMA/UMTS. Wideband CDMA is an approved
3G standard which utilizes 5 MHz channels for
both voice and data, offering peak data speeds
up to 384 kbps. UMTS is another name for wide-
band CDMA.
GLOSSARY